Thursday, January 9, 2025

Space & Physics: How will rocks from Mars get back to Earth?

January 9 — This week, NASA's troubled Mars Sample Return (MSR) program is at a "crossroads" moment. Plus, the origins of the zodiacal constellations, the surprising pervasiveness of hard math problems, the bright future for heliophysics in 2025, and more. Enjoy!

Lee Billings, Senior Editor, Space and Physics


NASA sees two paths for saving its beleaguered plan to retrieve materials from the Red Planet but won't choose between them until 2026

It's something that has plagued NASA for generations: How do you get rocks from Mars back to Earth, where direct studies by scientists in wet labs can deliver better, faster results than any remote work performed by robots on the Red Planet?

Importing interplanetary material in this way isn't as easy as it may seem. For proof, look no further than NASA's Mars Sample Return program, which after decades of preliminary study and years of prep work is now in the midst of a high-stakes "replan" due to ballooning cost estimates and technical delays. Meanwhile, most of the "samples" in question are already awaiting pickup on Mars, having been gathered across the past four years by the space agency's Perseverance rover.

Our top story covers a just-announced fateful choice for the program, albeit one that's not set to be made until 2026: Will NASA grab these samples primarily using tried-and-true technology and "in-house" expertise, or will it seek to outsource the heavy-lifting to commercial aerospace companies? The decision between these two options is no small matter—billions of dollars and untold potentials for epochal discoveries are on the line, and the choice could even shape how and when humans first visit Mars. —Lee Billings

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Top Stories
Heliophysics Is Set to Shine in 2025

The science of the sun and its effects on the solar system is a sprawling discipline that expects a very exciting 2025

What Is the Zodiac—And What Does It Mean for You?

The familiar zodiac constellations are defined by Earth's motion around the sun, but they don't define your fate

Pluto May Have Won Its Moon Charon with a 'Kiss'

Pluto and its largest moon Charon could have come together via a 10-hour "kiss-and-capture" encounter after a grazing collision

How to 'Catch' Prime Numbers

A prime number study charts the limits of detection

The Math Mystery That Connects Sudoku, Flight Schedules and Protein Folding

Thousands of notoriously difficult problems in computer science are actually the same problem in disguise

Do We Live in a Special Part of the Universe?

According to a tenet scientists call the cosmological principle, our place in space is in no way exceptional. But recent observations could overturn this long-held assumption

From the Archive
No Man's Land: Where on Mars Should Astronauts Go?

Inside the first meeting of the committee to colonize the Red Planet

Scientist Pankaj

Today in Science: Mars sample rocks are stuck up there, for now

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