Friday, February 4, 2022

Secrets of Early Animal Evolution Revealed by Chromosome ‘Tectonics’

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GENOMICS | ALL TOPICS

 

Secrets of Early Animal Evolution Revealed by Chromosome 'Tectonics'

By VIVIANE CALLIER

Large blocks of genes conserved through hundreds of millions of years of evolution hint at how the first animal chromosomes came to be.

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NUMBER THEORY

 

Mathematicians Prove André-Oort Conjecture

By LEILA SLOMAN

A team of mathematicians has solved a 30-year-old question about how solutions to polynomial equations relate to sophisticated geometric objects called Shimura varieties.

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Related: 
New Shape Opens 'Wormhole'
Between Numbers and Geometry

by Kevin Hartnett (2021)

MACHINE LEARNING

 

Machine Learning Gets a Quantum Speedup

By MAX G. LEVY

Two teams have shown how quantum approaches can solve problems faster than classical computers, bringing physics and computer science closer together.

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Related:
What Makes Quantum Computing
So Hard to Explain?

by Scott Aaronson (2021)

QUANTIZED ACADEMY

 

Why Triangles Are Easy and Tetrahedra Are Hard

By PATRICK HONNER

The triangle angle sum theorem makes working with triangles easy. But add a dimension to use tetrahedra instead and the problem of predicting their angles becomes much more challenging.

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QUANTA SCIENCE PODCAST

 

Mathematician Advances Century-Old Problem in Combinatorics

Podcast hosted by SUSAN VALOT;
Story by ERICA KLARREICH

A new paper shows that an old conjecture about how long disordered strings can be is "spectacularly wrong."

Listen to the podcast

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Around the Web

Reality Realized
Mixing concepts from relativity and quantum mechanics has puzzling consequences. Amanda Gefter writes for New Scientist about a new idea for reconciling the two: Maybe space-time emerges from communication between quantum particles. Other mystifying quantum-relativistic effects can make cause and effect ambiguous. Some physicists are searching for a theory that abandons the notion of causality altogether, Natalie Wolchover reported for Quanta in 2021.

Cyber Security by Fermat
The same mathematics that helped Andrew Wiles solve Fermat's Last Theorem in 1995 is now used in encryption protocols. William J. Broad writes for The New York Times about "elliptic curve cryptography." Studying how elliptical curves intersect rational points was integral to solving Fermat's Theorem. Patrick Honner explained how it was done for Quanta in 2021.
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