Friday, July 7, 2023

Elliptic Curves Yield Their Secrets

Math and Science News from Quanta Magazine
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NUMBER THEORY | ALL TOPICS

 

Elliptic Curves Yield Their Secrets in a New Number System

By KEVIN HARTNETT

Ana Caraiani and James Newton have extended an important result in number theory to the imaginary realm.

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MICROBIOLOGY

 

How Microbes Gained Photosynthesis Superpowers

By SAUGAT BOLAKHE

New research reveals how marine microbes use an extra membrane that once had digestive functions to boost their yield from photosynthesis.

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Related: 
Why Are Plants Green?
To Reduce the Noise in Photosynthesis.

By Rodrigo Pérez Ortega (2020)

RAMSEY THEORY

 

Mathematical Tricks for Taming the Middle Distance

By LEILA SLOMAN

Recent discoveries in Ramsey theory can handle numbers heading toward infinity. Finitely large numbers, however, require a different mathematical toolbox.

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Related: 
Mathematicians Discover Novel Way
to Predict Structure in Graphs

By Jordana Cepelewicz

QUANTA SCIENCE PODCAST

 

Machines Learn Better if We Teach Them the Basics

Story by MAX G. LEVY;
Podcast hosted by SUSAN VALOT

A wave of research is improving reinforcement learning algorithms by pre-training them as if they were human.

Listen to the podcast

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Around the Web

Artificial Intelligence and Math
AI systems have revolutionized many areas of science and society. Now, they are transforming the field of mathematics, reports Siobhan Roberts for The New York Times. Before a computer can tackle a math problem, it must be able to understand the problem. Last year, Steven Strogatz talked with the mathematician Kevin Buzzard on The Joy of Why podcast about how to translate math into a programming language called Lean. In 2022, computers took on an age-old math problem involving the multiplication of matrices. As Ben Brubaker reported for Quanta, an AI system found a faster algorithm for multiplying certain matrices than humans ever did.

Quasar Signals Slowed by Expanding Universe
Astronomers watching the flashing radiation from distant quasars have found that the signals are slowed by the expansion of the universe, reports Ian Sample for The Guardian. It's the first time the effect of time dilation has been observed in quasars. The observation further deepens scientists' confidence that Einstein's relativistic picture of the universe is correct. In 2022, physicist Sean Carroll explained for Quanta how relativity works and how some aspects of the theory predated Einstein.
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